Evaluation of the Management of Drug-Resistant Pulmonary Tuberculosis at the Matam Tuberculosis Center, Conakry, Guinea
Bilengbe Delamou *
Laboratoire de Microbiologie, Université Gamal Abdel Nasser de Conakry (UGANC), Guinée.
Ahmadou Sadio Diallo
Laboratoire de Microbiologie, Université Gamal Abdel Nasser de Conakry (UGANC), Guinée.
Bernadette Goualie
UFR Biosciences, Université Félix Houphouët-Boigny, Abidjan, 22, BP 582, Côte d’Ivoire.
Demba Magassouba
Laboratoire de Microbiologie, Université Gamal Abdel Nasser de Conakry (UGANC), Guinée.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Background and Aims: Tuberculosis remains a major public health problem, and the emergence of drug-resistant forms significantly complicates its management, particularly in resource-limited countries such as the Republic of Guinea. Thus, this study is to assess the management of patients with drug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis at the Matam Tuberculosis Center (CAT), in order to identify shortcomings and propose areas for improvement.
Methodology: During 12 months, a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study was conducted at the Matam Tuberculosis Center (CAT). Sociodemographic, clinical, bacteriological, and treatment-related data were collected. A total of 152 sputum samples were analyzed using the GeneXpert MTB/RIF assay and fluorescence microscopy.
Results: Among the152 pulmonary tuberculosis patients, GeneXpert MTB/RIF detected 32% of cases compared to 22% by fluorescence microscopy, confirming its superior diagnostic performance. Hematological findings revealed a high prevalence of anemia (98%), mainly microcytic along with leukocytosis and lymphopenia, reflecting chronic inflammation and immune alterations. Biochemical abnormalities, including elevated transaminases and creatinine (31%), suggest treatment-related hepatic and renal effects. The treatment success rate reached 94%, exceeding WHO targets, indicating effective patient management despite persistent challenges related to drug resistance and adherence.
Conclusion: Drug-resistant tuberculosis remains a major challenge in Conakry. Strengthening early detection, improving treatment monitoring, and ensuring strict adherence to treatment protocols are essential to improving patient care.
Keywords: Pulmonary tuberculosis, drug resistance, GeneXpert, fluorescence